Polar scatter plot python. Being able to effectively create and customize scatter plots in Python will make your data Jul 15, 2015 · I have a polar scatter plot. You might want to experiment with alpha and with s in the scatter plot options. wind() fig = px. class matplotlib. shape) #actual plotting ax = plt. I'd like to create an inset within my fig which is a zoom in on part of my polar plot. 1 get some special treatment. matplotlib. subplots import make_subplots. # Example Python Program to plot a polar plot of a circle. from matplotlib. # import the numpy and pyplot modules. scatter with plt. Then you need to segregate the values to plot on the scatter plot, based whether or not they are below, between, or above the thresholds, and color the points accordingly. Also, you're passing in r, theta to contour when it expects theta, r. subplot(111, polar=True) ax. , as well as three shapes defined as go. figure(figsize=(8,8)) ax = fig. Columns have radial values at fixed angle. meshgrid(theta, phi) # Defining the radius of Oct 15, 2017 · Update 1: To get a line instead of dots you just need to replace plt. plotly. The data visualized as scatter point or lines is set in `r` (radial) and May 18, 2019 · matplotlib. I have followed the guidance here but it seems only applicable to plotting of images where the object has an autoscale property. data_frame ( DataFrame or array-like or dict) – This argument needs to be passed for column names (and not keyword names) to be used. projections. May 1, 2018 · What I have: Displaying the position where the bot hit the board with a regular polar projection with axis and stuff. 3,. Polar plot ¶. Pyplot is a state-based interface to a Matplotlib module which provides a MATLAB-like interface. Aug 4, 2021 · This is a demo from the document of matplotlib Scatter plot on polar axis. hsv Dec 17, 2022 · Plotting Scatter Plot In Polar Coordinates. I am trying to do it with this line cir Jun 7, 2018 · 2. scatter from plt. html#PythonAnchorHere we are Nov 3, 2018 · 1. subplot(projection="polar") plt. subplots(subplot_kw={'projection': 'polar'}) # step4 Plot a scatter plot SC = ax. As an example, please see the polar scatter-plot at https://plot. fig, ax1 = plt. " Any advice on how to do this? import numpy as np import matplotlib. Mar 25, 2016 · Hello, I am using the Plotly Matlab API for plotting a polar scatter-plot. THETA, PHI = np. use ('_mpl-gallery') # make data x = np. a = 1. Feb 29, 2024 · In plotly, line polar charts can be made by using go. The expected plot should be somewhat like this: Instead I got this plot: The trajectories plots for first four particle sizes are invisible as the curves are overlapping. scatter(vals[:, 0], vals[:, 1]) The problem with converting everything to array before plotting is that it forces you to break out of dataframes. Polar charts present data in a circular graph, where the placement of data is based on the angle and distance from the center of the graph, the pole. graph_objects. Demo of a line plot on a polar axis. df = pd. r = list(df['distance']), theta = list(df['bearing']), mode = 'markers Python Scatter Plot. scatter_polar(df, r="frequency", theta="direction", color="strength", symbol="strength", size="frequency", color_discrete_sequence=px. from plotly. Also demonstrates writing axis labels with latex math mode. data. Nov 7, 2016 · Step 3 — Plotting Data. I have a Dataset with 4 variables: 'x','y','Length', and 'Direction'. add_subplot(projection='3d') # Create the mesh in polar Jun 13, 2022 · This article will show two graphs, a scatter plot and a heat map, to visualize the sea ice concentration with Python. This way, in this specific case the chart would have a pentagon or circle shape, being each vertex or tick an attribute, while there would be three points (each case) that would be positioned according to the distribution of its attributes. pyplot as plt # Fixing random state for reproducibility np. colorbar () wants a mappable object, like the CircleCollection that plt. Jun 18, 2020 · 1. The marker colors. df_wy = pd. heatmap, _, _ = np. contourf(a, b, c, cmap=cm. I have edited to make my question more specific. plot(theta, r) ax. plot(price, sales_per_day, "o") plt. meshgrid(a, b) c = np. pyplot. meshgrid(rad, azm) z = (r ** 2. add_subplot(111, facecolor='black') You could use the axisbg argument of the add_subplot method. sin (2 * x2) # plot fig, ax = plt. pcolormesh(th, r Sep 24, 2019 · Below you find a function that defines the polar coordinates of the points on a circle of center (r0, theta0) and radius rho. linspace(0, 2 * np. 0, 2 * np. A line polar chart is a chart that displays data in series where the x-axis is in the circle and the origin is in the center. subplot(111, projection='polar') c = plt. scatter_polar, and as lines with px. You can use numpy. Nov 30, 2017 · 4. PolarAxes(*args, theta_offset=0, theta_direction=1, rlabel_position=22. We first must define the coordinate system to polar using the projection attributes. 75 Jan 5, 2020 · matplotlib. Axes. Next, we need to define the angle values and the distance of the data points from the center of the plot. I would like to plot data to polar coordinate system, presented with single dot (scatter). vmin and vmax can then control the limits of your colorbar. show() In this case, you had to include the marker "o" as a third argument, as otherwise plt. sequential. Its plot plt. (Image by author) I really enjoy using Python + matplotlib not just because of its simplicity, but because you can use it to create very clean and artful images. I'm pretty sure the ax. Figure(data=go. ) can be individually controlled or mapped to data. Since it is a polar plot, the reference lines will be circles (centered The primary difference of plt. The dots in the plot are the data values. subplots creates a figure and a grid of subplots with a single call, while providing reasonable control over how the individual plots are created. I want to use matplotlib since I already have it installed and want to distribute my code to others who only have matplotlib. On the circles I want to show kilograms. If “polar2”, the data refer to layout. polar2, and so on. set_rlabel_position(-22. The data positions. # Create the figure. Use facecolor instead. import plotly. Feb 7, 2013 · I ran the example you linked above using Matplotlib 2. Example: Python3. DataFrame(. meshgrid to make 2D arrays for PHI and THETA instead of R and THETA (or what the 3D polar plot example calls P). angle*math. com/forms/d/1qiQ-cavTRGvz1i8kvTie81dPXhvSlgMND16gKOwhOM4/All the progra Aug 11, 2020 · I'm trying to do a simple polar scatter plot in Matplotlib, here is my code: import matplotlib. Additionally, you may specify a text point xytext=(x, y) for the location of the text for this annotation. plot() would plot a line graph. A scatter plot of y vs x with varying marker size and/or color. This means the curves are now following the Apr 13, 2019 · Let's say I have a simple scatter plot using R plotly. contourf with polar plots just as you normally would You have a few bugs in your code, though. arange(0, 2, 0. google. So essentially I want to display a small polar plot for each data point in my dataset. I've also included the plot that it produces. Code: fig. Like the 2D scatter plot px. seed(19680801) # Compute areas and colors N = 150 r = 2 * np. 2],[1,1. Polar plot #. Here's a little example: import matplotlib. colorbar(SC, aspect=10) cbar. Not quite sure how you want to deal the discrepancy at 180 and -180. I try to make a chart using R or Python that combines the scatter plots and the polar charts. A polar chart is a specialization of QChart that supports line, spline, area, and scatter series, and all axis types supported by them. append( Jul 10, 2020 · Turn off axis border for polar matplotlib plot (2 answers) Closed 3 years ago . Just set x to the list of x values, y to the list of y values, and weights to the heat map values. subplots(subplot_kw={'projection': 'polar'}) ax. Every load cell should be presented in 1/4 part of the circle (90 degrees). E. Sets the fraction of the radius to cut out of the polar subplot. b = range(100) Apr 24, 2016 · Here is the complete code to create the desired plot (right above this line) thanks to @cphlewis' fix. The moral of the story is that as long as X, Y, and Z can be expressed as (smooth) functions of two parameters, plot_surface can plot it. Download Python source code: scatter. 1. Script can be found here: https://www. The data visualized as scatter point or lines is set in r (radial) and theta (angular) coordinates Text (appearing either on the chart or on hover only) is via text. My mistake when trying to use plot was to plot all the data in one command, rather than 'n' number of plots (plot each line individually. Download Python source code: annotation_polar. . e = 1. Stream instance or dict with compatible properties. def plot_polar_chart_new(n, start, df, sales May 1, 2021 · The following code should create the plot with Python. csv') Apr 7, 2022 · your add_trace() parameters have row=1, col=2 but you had defined these as 3 and 1. radialaxis. It is exactly what I want (see following image). cos(angle)*amp]) z = gaussian_kde(xy)(xy) May 21, 2019 · theta in plt. N = 100. I made my own data. Default is rcParams['lines. scatter supports built-in trendlines with accessible model output. subplot – Sets a reference between this trace’s data coordinates and a polar subplot. You can include a coordinate transformation before the z values are computed. With Plotly Express, it is possible to represent polar data as scatter markers with px. from numpy import pi, sin, cos, sqrt, arctan2. r = np. Scatter plot on polar axis confined to a sector¶ The main difference with the previous plots is the configuration of the theta start and end limits, producing a sector instead of a full circle. You have to create a function that is in charge of updating your graph, in this case I'll call it update() as I show below: import numpy as np. fig = go. I am unable to 'zoom' in on the data points by manipulating the x and y axis limits, due to the nature of the polar projection. sin(angle)*amp, np. graph_objects as go. pyplot as plt r = np. rand(N) area = 200 * r**2 colors = theta fig = plt. Example contributed by Armin Moser. You convert things to radians, but then use the values in degrees when you plot. There are various plots which can be used in Pyplot are Line Plot, Contour, Histogram, Scatter, 3D Plot, etc. Whereas plotly. My data is in terms of degrees, so I will need to manually replace the labels shown on the plot. pi/180, axis=1) plt. stem or pyplot. values. import numpy as np. The second image: a heat map showing the sea ice at the same time. 5, 'x . I tried making vectors using quiver but the result was found unsatisfactory. May 27, 2017 · Do fill this form for feedback: Forum open till 23rd November 2017https://docs. polar(theta, r) needs to be in radians. pyplot as plt import numpy as np fig = plt. My code to create the plot (from my pandas dataframe) is below. scatter() function This function is used to create the scatter plot and can be used with pandas dataframes. graph_objects . Consider these two use cases where having the full dataframe is essential to plotting: Jan 5, 2020 · Make a polar plot. Go to the end to download the full example code. scatterpolargl. Simple R polar chart : 2- Example 1: Bokeh Scatter Plot with Python. polar(df['rad'], df['value']) This results in this plot:. Variable 'Direction' is Polar. subplots(figsize=(6, 6), subplot_kw=dict(polar=True)) 3D scatter plot with Plotly Express¶ Plotly Express is the easy-to-use, high-level interface to Plotly, which operates on a variety of types of data and produces easy-to-style figures. It is a most basic type of plot that helps you visualize the relationship between two variables. And I want to put text at each points of scatter plot as shown. Default: 0. subplots ax. For example, say I have a bunch of 2-D arrays. {. update_polars(radialaxis=dict()) Type: dict containing one or more of the keys listed below. 5, **kwargs) [source] #. plot(x_coordinates,y_coordinates) is: plt. py¶ ( Source code , png , hires. set_yticklabels([]) ctf = ax. The Matplotlib. a = random(100)*10. colors. All values below 0. To plot scatter plots when markers are identical in size and color. pyplot as plt import matplotlib. 75) # step5 Set a color bar cbar = fig. line_polar. add_subplot(111, projection='polar') Apr 21, 2020 · Scatter plot is a graph in which the values of two variables are plotted along two axes. pi, 100) r, th = np. Scatter chart can be created with Bokeh using figure and scatter functions. 10. pi * r fig, ax = plt. 5. Sep 3, 2020 · Learn how to make a 2D contour plot in Python in polar coordinates. subplots. Jul 7, 2017 · I am trying to create a collection of scatter subplots and would like them to share the same colour bar. pi, 73) Nov 29, 2023 · matplotlib. figure() ax = Axes3D(fig) rad = np. Scatterpolar lines that define a filled close curve: import plotly. figure () ax = fig . get_fignums() method Get the matrix for the affine part of this transform. Of course, you will need x,y data points to begin with as well. plot (x2, y2 + 2. I am asked to make a scatterplot and then change each point into a small polar plot reflecting its length and direction. To create a scatter plot using matplotlib, we will use the scatter() function. : xy = np. pyplot as plt import numpy as np plt. vals = mydata. For example, the first row contains the amplitudes at fixed radius but increasing angle. theta = np. (a line will appear as a circle on a polar plot). As a quick example: Feb 17, 2013 · There are more problems with the current matplotlib and log-polar plots. read_csv('data. plot(). polar. A Pandas backend: the 2D-cartesian plotting functions are available as a Pandas plotting backend so you can call them via df. plot(), using the same data: Python. scatter ( theta , r , c = colors , s = area , cmap = 'hsv' , alpha = 0. pyplot as plt r = R theta = o colors = theta ax = plt. 0 plt. Scatterpolar trace is a graph object in the figure's data list with any of the named arguments or attributes listed below. Each axis can be used either as a radial or an angular axis. pyplot as plt from mpl_toolkits. Construct a new Scatterpolar object. Scatter plot in Python is one type of a graph plotted by dots in it. 1 and it worked perfectly fine. express. Scatterpolar () method of graph_object class. EDIT: As mentionned by endolith in the comments axisbg was deprecated in version 2. # Create a user-defined function named three_dimensional_polar() def three_dimensional_polar(phi, theta): # Definning the data points to be fitted into the polar plot. scatter, the 3D function px. markersize'] ** 2. This is the Apr 9, 2016 · I think you inadvertently mixed up radius, zenith and azimuth:). The python code below plots a circle using polar form. In a polar scatter plot, each row of data_frame is represented by a symbol mark in polar coordinates. Optionally, you can specify the coordinate system of xy and xytext with one of the following strings for xycoords and textcoords (default is 'data'): Note: for physical Aug 23, 2017 · Instead use numpy's genfromtxt function. pyplot as plt fig = plt. Concept. Something like this: An example polar plot is: import numpy as np. vstack([np. Have changed to 3 and 2 to make your code work. Rather than place a colorbar object on an axis, you can instead plot a polar colored mesh on a polar plot. linspace (0, 10, 100) y = 4 + 1 * np. 0 of matplotlib. mplot3d import Axes3D import numpy as np fig = plt. You need to draw a dashed line at the threshold level, to indicate where the threshold is. In this complete guide to using Seaborn to create scatter plots in Python, you’ll learn all you need to know to create scatterplots in Seaborn! Scatterplots are an essential type of data visualization for exploring your data. jet Apr 2, 2020 · Matplotlib is a library in Python and it is numerical – mathematical extension for NumPy library. add_subplot ( 111 , polar = True ) c = ax . This plots what I think you want: import matplotlib. 5,2]) For some reason, the plot doesn't include all of the points, it only shows me the point with radius 1. # Data: mu = 1. plot, "theta", "r") Update 2: For your latest code: You can achieve the same scatter plot as the one you obtained in the section above with the following call to plt. Plotly Express is the easy-to-use, high-level interface to Plotly, which operates on a variety of types of data and produces easy-to-style figures. axes (projection='polar') May 23, 2017 · After creating the polar axis, you can simply set the ticks. In order to plot horizontal and vertical lines for Cartesian coordinates there are two possibilities: Add a Cartesian axis and plot Cartesian coordinates. plot. set_thetamin() option was added to matplotlib in a reasonably recent update, so I think you want to make sure you have a recent version of Matplotlib available. ly/mat… Feb 22, 2024 · I have created a polar plot (in Python) from a dataframe with one categorical variable and one continuous variable using plotly express (v. hageslab. From the matplotlib docs on scatter 1: cmap is only used if c is an array of floats. pyplot as plt import numpy as np r = np. scatter () in Python extends to creating diverse plots such as scatter plots, bar charts, pie charts, line plots, histograms, 3-D plots, and more. dropna(how="any") # Now plot with matplotlib. linspace(0. 5, 1, 1. 5 Scatter plot on polar axis; Text, labels and annotations Scatter plot; Style sheets. animation import FuncAnimation. g. Example code: Oct 31, 2018 · Instead of usual Cartesian geometry, this matrix contains these amplitudes at polar points. ) Nov 12, 2020 · matplotlib. scatter(theta, r, c=colors, s=area, cmap='viridis', alpha=0. express as px df = px. cm. Jun 3, 2020 · I have a scatterpolar plot, but the labels on the outside show the direction in terms of degrees rather than directions (N, NE, E, etc. The marker color. If “polar” (the default value), the data refer to layout. Parameters. 5) # Move In a polar scatter plot, each row of data_frame is represented by a symbol mark in polar coordinates. So colorlist needs to be a list of floats rather than a list of tuples as you have it now. import pandas as pd. Apr 29, 2019 · I am building system with four load cells. The marker size in points**2. random. style. Trendlines: px. Scatter plots are great for determining the relationship between two variables, so we’ll use this graph type for our example. Note that you have to set the ticks in radians and matplotlib will display in degrees. Nov 4, 2015 · I have the following example code: import numpy as np import matplotlib. ax = fig. show() Jul 22, 2023 · # step2 Calculate area and color colors = area # step3 Create graph frames fig, ax = plt. I would like to add text to this plot at different (r,theta) coordinates. I am using following python code to plot a 3D graph. Jan 13, 2013 · mydata = df[["col1", "col2"]]. A scatter plot of y vs. This is the pyplot wrapper for axes. imshow(heatmap) Sep 12, 2022 · September 12, 2022. x with varying marker size and/or color. Polar heatmap showing the speed and direction of the wind with the colors representing the average temperatures in that bucket. com/Resources. 5, 2]) # Less radial ticks ax. The function requires two arguments, which represent the X and Y coordinate values. Mar 9, 2019 · The densities must be computed on xy cartesian coordinates, usage of polar coordinates results in weird distance values, try plotting your data in a rectangular plot and will see. csv file that is 73 numbers increasing by 2. Nov 2, 2016 · I have this polar scatter plot and I would like to show that distances from the origin are measured in centimeters by labelling the scale with a "cm. a=np. Plot can be done using pyplot. Possible values: A single color format string. py. Array-like and dict are transformed internally to a pandas DataFrame. To show the polar grid, polar axes can be created at the same position. ax. polar plot for v1, v2, v3 and v4. To represent a scatter plot, we will use the matplotlib library. genfromtxt('data. Bases: Axes. csv',delimiter=',') #data is a list of 73 data points taken at each 5 degree increment. Again, here the plot axes will not be shown correct. Scatter class from plotly. #. add_subplot(projection='polar') c = ax May 29, 2013 · pylab_examples example code: polar_scatter. pi, 4, endpoint=False) Oct 11, 2022 · Example (1) # Import the libraries and packages in the code. Sep 18, 2020 · 極座標表示の散布図. Plotly graph objects are a high-level interface to plotly which are easy to use. You can make a new column converting the angle to radians using the following: import math df['rad'] = df. ) Note. 19) using px. scatter () in Python. 01) theta = 2 * np. The first image: a scatter plot showing the average percentage concentration of sea ice above the Arctic circle in December 2021. express has two functions scatter and line , go. (Default the scatter dots get an outline, which often isn't desired when working with very small dots, and can be removed by lw=0. What I tried: Joining my piece of code together with the accepted answer of: Plot polar plot on top of image? Over 21 examples of Polar Charts including changing color, size, log axes, and more in JavaScript. Let's show this by creating a random scatter plot with points of many colors and sizes. stream – plotly. pyplot as plt import random data_theta = range(10,171,10) data_theta_rad = [] for i in data_theta: data_theta_rad. scatter([-1. set_rmax(2) ax. round(a[0])); A plotly. Possible values: A scalar or sequence of n numbers to be mapped to colors using cmap and norm. apply(lambda row: row. linspace(0, 5, 100) azm = np. fig = plt . scatter () returns. Theta starts pointing east and goes anti-clockwise. Matplotlib stands as an extensive library in Python, offering the capability to generate static, animated, and interactive visualizations. 4 or later, you can use "set_rlabel_position". The scatterpolar trace type encompasses line charts, scatter charts, text charts, and bubble charts in polar coordinates. You should just be able to use ax. 0) / 4. clf() plt. Uses the reversed version of the YlGnBu colormap. Feb 9, 2012 · I need to generate a stack of 2D polar plots (a 3D cylindrical plot) so that I can view a distorted cylinder. map(plt. To build a scatter plot, we require two sets of data where one set of arrays represents the x axis and the other set of arrays represents the y axis Sep 17, 2017 · scatter plot between s and a. For more advanced use cases you can use GridSpec for a more general subplot layout or Figure. pi * np. Creating multiple subplots using. scatter_3d plots individual data in three-dimensional space. Scatter can be used both for plotting points (makers) or lines, depending on the value of mode . sin (2 * x) x2 = np. Is there a way to hide/turn off the boundary circle for polar plots in matplotlib? I have a list with x,y,z, r coordinates (cartesians). rand(N) fig = plt. cm as cm #fake data: a = np. One thing to let go of is using the predefined Jul 3, 2013 · A pyplot axis with its projection type set to polar. What I need: Setting a dartboard as background and plotting the X&Y (or theta & r respectively) on top. plt. linspace(0,2*np. linspace (0, 10, 25) y2 = 4 + 1 * np. set_ylabel('Z Label') plt. ). How do I 'zoom to rectangle', specifying the coordinates of the rectangle corners, for example? My plot is shown below. The equation of the circle in polar form is given by r = R. Jul 17, 2020 · Plotly library of Python can be very useful for data visualization and understanding the data simply and easily. Apr 25, 2016 · 2. Plasma_r) fig. plot like this: g. Animations: many PX functions support simple animation support via the animation_frame and animation_group arguments. linspace(0,1,50) A, B = np. A polar graph projection, where the input dimensions are theta, r. plot(x, y)# Plot y versus x as lines and/or markers. to place the radial ticks a long a line at, say, 135 degrees: ax. pyplot. rand(N) theta = 2 * np. 4,-. show() If given, the following parameters also accept a string s, which is interpreted as data[s] (unless this raises an exception): x, y, s, linewidths, edgecolors, c, facecolor, facecolors, color. # make sure to set x, y, and weights here. Nov 2, 2023 · I tried to plot the paths of particle of different sizes in the same polar coordinate using the code given below using matplotlib. I've tried various different methods but can't seem to crack the correct way to do using matplotlib. My current code is: go. png , pdf ) #!/usr/bin/env python # a polar scatter plot; size increases radially in this example and # color increases with angle (just to verify the symbols are being # scattered correctly). I need to plot some circles in a polar plot, but I don't know how to do it with cartesians coordinates. Scatterpolar(. Jun 30, 2015 · In this example, a is you theta1thetan, b is your r1rn, c is your f(a, b): import numpy as np import matplotlib. pi,50) b = np. add_subplotの引数にprojection='polar'を指定することで極座標にできる。. plot is that it can be used to create scatter plots where the properties of each individual point (size, face color, edge color, etc. Below we use the strength column to encode the color, symbol and size of the markers. loadtxt(filename2) NUMBINS=int(np. Scatter and line plots with go. e. I don't think it's an easy solution as May 25, 2023 · The only difference is that you use np. add_subplot(111, polar = True) c = ax. histogram2d(x, y, weights=weights) plt. random(A. Scatter plot on polar axis; Text, labels and annotations This example showcases a simple scatter plot. scatter. I would like to add some "reference lines" to this plot. ¶. set_rticks([0. import numpy as np import matplotlib. We can plot to scatter plots in polar coordinates with the help of available matplotlib functions. histogram2d. plot(-y_coordinates,x_coordinates) will rotate 90 counterclockwise: By swap and sign change you can not only rotate, but also flip the plot. scatter(theta, r, cmap=plt. This solution is described in this question. update_polars(hole=<VALUE>) Type: number between or equal to 0 and 1. call signature: polar (theta, r, ** kwargs) Multiple theta, r arguments are supported, with format strings, as in plot(). +100. What is a Scatter plot? Basic Scatter plot in python; Correlation with Scatter plot; Changing the color of groups of points; Changing the Color and Marker Apr 1, 2015 · With version 1. Adding the line above yields (I don't have seaborn so this has default matplotlib formatting): You must specify an annotation point xy=(x, y) to annotate this point. Scatter¶ If Plotly Express does not provide a good starting point, it is possible to use the more generic go. set_rlabel_position(135) The relevant documentation is residing here, a bit hidden under "projections". Below, we will create random data points for this chart but here are the core functions for the chart generation. For example, try to add a small value to the radius in the matplotlib example for polar plots, and then use set_rlim(0) and set_rscale('log') to plot it (as has been suggested in the comments here). add_subplot for adding subplots at arbitrary Demonstrates plotting a surface defined in polar coordinates. pyplot as plt. Polar plot. Aug 11, 2015 · I just needed to make a color wheel and decided to update rsnape's solution to be compatible with matplotlib 2. Each row of dataframe is represen Mar 7, 2021 · To get a polar plot, tricontourf could be called with the values transformed from polar to Cartesian coordinates. pyplot as plot. contour or ax. Jul 8, 2021 · 1. import matplotlib. figure() ax = fig. jp hx iy cw sd vs vs by xx ea